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Densification of a monolayer of 3T3 fibroblasts confined in a stripe of width 500 µm. As the cells divide, they orient parallel to the edges. This orientation then propagates toward the center. Eventually, the orientation is perfect across the whole stripe. The color codes for the local orientation (red=aligned with the stripe)

 

 RPE1 cells in a confining adhesive stripe reach a steady-state characterized by a tilt angle of the cell bodies relatively to the stripe direction and by a shear flow at the proximity of the edge. The width of the stripe is 1000 µm and corresponds to the width of the image.

 

 Cell displacements within the adhesive patches. MDCK cell displacements within a R = 100 μm patch. Images were acquired in phase-contrast mode. Note the large correlated dislacements in the first 30h and the development of a 3D rim at the edge at long times.

 

 Propagation of a bacteria concentration wave (E. coli) in a microchannel. Velocity of the wave : 4 µm/s. Width of the channel 500 µm, depth : 100 µm.

 

Migration of an epithelial monolayer on free surface (MDCK cells; video duration 33hr; initial wound width 400 µm). Note the correlated cell movements within the monolayer and the fingering that developps at the free edge.