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Hereditary cancer predispositions: Comparison of multigene panel sequencing on fresh‐frozen breast/ovarian tumor versus blood

1 juil. 2023Clinical Genetics

DOI : 10.1111/cge.14327

Auteurs

Mathias Schwartz, Virginie Moncoutier, Adrien Peytral, Jessica Le Gall, Voreak Suybeng, Mélanie Pagès, Julien Masliah‐Planchon, Olfa Trabelsi‐Grati, Samia Melaabi, Céline Callens, Ivan Bièche, Hélène Delhomelle, Antoine De Pauw, Claire Saule, Emmanuelle Mouret‐Fourme, Marion Gauthier‐Villars, Bruno Buecher, Chrystelle Colas, Dominique Stoppa‐Lyonnet, Lisa Golmard

Résumé

Abstract

In breast or ovarian cancer (BC/OC) patients with evocative personal and/or family history, multigene panel sequencing is performed on blood to diagnose hereditary predispositions. Additionally, BRCA1 / BRCA2 testing can be performed on tumor sample for therapeutic purpose. The accuracy of multigene panel tumor analysis on BC/OC to detect predisposing germline pathogenic variants (gPV) has not been precisely assessed. By comparing sequencing data from blood and fresh‐frozen tumor we show that tumor genomic instability causes pitfalls to consider when performing tumor testing to detect gPV. Even if loss of heterozygosity increases germline signal in most cases, somatic copy number variants (CNV) can mask germline CNV and collapse point gPV variant allele frequency (VAF). Moreover, VAF does not allow an accurate distinction between germline and somatic pathogenic variants.